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$150K yearly Sandler grants for highly innovative asthma research: OEM-L, Greenberg: aspartame (methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid) toxicity: genotoxicity proven, Rencuzogullari E 2004 Aug: Murray 2004.10.24 rmforall
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| | From: | Rich Murray | | Subject: | $150K yearly Sandler grants for highly innovative asthma research: OEM-L, Greenberg: aspartame (methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid) toxicity: genotoxicity proven, Rencuzogullari E 2004 Aug: Murray 2004.10.24 rmforall | | Date: | 26 Oct 2004 02:38:07 +0100 |
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http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1027
$150K yearly Sandler grants for highly innovative asthma research: OEM-L,
Greenberg: aspartame (methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid) toxicity
research: genotoxicity proven, Rencuzogullari E 2004 Aug: Murray 2004.10.24
rmforall
Rich Murray, MA Room For All rmforall@comcast.net
1943 Otowi Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87505 USA 505-501-2298
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/messages
144 members, 1,127 posts in a public searchable archive also Co-Moderator
Surely ubiquitous formaldehyde exposures worldwide must contribute
powerfully to asthma.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1128
hangover symptoms from methanol from dark wines and liquors or 11% methanol
part of aspartame, review of research: Jones AW 1988: Murray 2004.10.23
rmforall
" But higher blood-methanol concentrations are definitely associated with
higher blood-ethanol in this sample of Swedish drinking drivers.
Frequent exposure to methanol and its toxic products of metabolism,
formaldehyde and formic acid, might constitute an additional health risk
associated with heavy drinking in predisposed individuals. " Jones AW 1988
Two liters of diet soda, about six 12-oz cans, will put the same methanol
into the body as the methanol impurity, one part in ten thousand,
in one liter of red wine.
It's very similar to what happens to someone who drinks wine every evening
and, while sober all day at work, still wakes up with a daily hangover, due
to the inevitable conversion of the methanol into formaldehyde
and then formic acid -- both potent, cumulative toxins to
every cell and tissue -- hence the gradual, complex decline of a wino
over a period of years.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1114
review of sweeteners 2004, Weihrauch MR, Diehl V: formaldehyde from 11%
methanol component of aspartame, methanol in dark wines and liquors,
fermentation of fruits in colon, also smoke, new buildings, furniture,
drapes, carpets, personal products: available database from Harvard Nurses'
Health Study II of 91,249 women in 1991-1999: Murray 2004.09.18 rmforall
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1126
same amount of methanol (source of formaldehyde, formic acid) from aspartame
as from dark wines and liquors: Utz: Murray 2004.10.19 rmforall
The long-standing coverup about methanol in dark wines and liquors has
continued for three decades as a very similar "conspiracy of silence" about
methanol from aspartame products.
It is clearly urgent to warn the world public now, and to mandate
removal of all methanol, formaldehyde, and formic acid sources.
Fully 11% of aspartame is methanol -- 1,120 mg aspartame in 2 L diet soda,
almost six 12-oz cans, gives 123 mg methanol (wood alcohol) -- the same
amount that produces hangover from red wine.
Methanol has a much longer half-life than ethanol -- about 5 to 10 times.
Often used at night, the ethanol in wine blocks the conversion of the
methanol into formaldehyde. Ethanol causes inebriation. By the next
morning, the ethanol is gone and the inebriation is over, but some of the
one part in ten thousand impurity of methanol, about 128 mg per liter red
wine, remains, and is promptly largely made into formaldehyde and then
largely into formic acid, resulting in the many famous "morning after"
hangover symptoms, since formaldehyde and formic acid are potent, cumulative
toxins that affect all cells and tissues.
About the same amount of methanol is given by diet sodas,
as in dark wines and liquors, about one part in ten thousand,
stated by experts to be the major cause of the infamous "morning after"
symptoms: "thirst, headache, fatigue, nausea, sweating, tremor, remorse,
and anxiety that hangover sufferers report...."
Also, dizziness is common, along with vision and eye problems,
irritability, impaired memory, "brain fog",
aching joints and body pains, flushed skin--
as most us us know from experience, observation,
and a plethora of novels and films.
Pharmacol Toxicol. 1987 Mar; 60(3): 217-20.
Elimination half-life of methanol during hangover.
Jones AW. wayne.jones@RMV.se
Department of Forensic Toxicology
University Hospital, SE-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden.
This paper reports the elimination half-life of methanol in human
volunteers.
Experiments were made during the morning after the subjects had
consumed 1000-1500 ml red wine (9.5% w/v ethanol, 100 mg/l methanol)
the previous evening. [ 100 to 150 mg methanol ]
The washout of methanol from the body coincided with the onset of hangover.
The concentrations of ethanol and methanol in blood were determined
indirectly by analysis of end-expired alveolar air.
In the morning when blood-ethanol dropped below the Km of liver alcohol
dehydrogenase (ADH) of about 100 mg/l (2.2 mM), the disappearance half-life
of ethanol was 21, 22, 18 and 15 min. in 4 test subjects respectively.
The corresponding elimination half-lives of methanol were 213, 110, 133 and
142 min. in these same individuals.
The experimental design outlined in this paper can be used to obtain useful
data on elimination kinetics of methanol in human volunteers without undue
ethical limitations.
Circumstantial evidence is presented to link methanol or its toxic metabolic
products, formaldehyde and formic acid, with the pathogenesis of hangover.
PMID: 3588516
"The experimental design outlined in this paper can be used to obtain useful
data on elimination kinetics of methanol in human volunteers without undue
ethical limitations." -- means that precisely because methanol
(formaldehyde, formic acid) toxicity is so serious, that it is not ethical
to expose humans to it, except under the guise of it being socially
santioned dark wines and liquors.
"Many pathophysiological disturbances occur during hangover, including
dehydration; metabolic acidosis; hypoglycaemia; disturbed prostaglandin
synthesis; abnormal secretion of vasopressin, cortisol, aldosterone,
renin, and testosterone; increased cardiac output; tachycardia; and
vasodilatation."
http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/search.dtl search to get free full text
British Medical Journal 1997 (4 January); 314(7073): 2.
Ian Calder, F.R.C.A. [ Tel/Fax: 0171 720 9279 Consultant Anaesthetist at
the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery,
London WCIN 3BG, UK ]
Editorials Hangovers: Not the ethanol - perhaps the methanol
"Chapman found that hangover symptoms were almost twice as common in
volunteers who drank 1.5 ml/kg [ body weight ] of bourbon whiskey - which
has methanol concentrations of 26 mg/l - as in those drinking the same dose
of vodka ( 3.9 mg of methanol per litre ). (5) [ For a 60 kg person, this
would be 90 mg bourbon, 0.09 l, giving 2.34 mg methanol, which led to twice
as many symptoms as the 0.35 mg methanol from vodka. The bourbon gave as
about as much methanol as an ounce of diet soda. ]
Pawan compared the hangover produced by different types of drink (but only
one brand of each) in his study of 20 volunteers. The severity of hangover
symptoms declined in the order of brandy, red wine, rum, whisky, white wine,
gin, vodka, and pure ethanol.(6) Vodka and pure ethanol caused only mild
headaches in two volunteers.
Jones has suggested that it is the metabolism of methanol to formaldehyde
and formic acid that causes symptoms of hangover, with quicker methanol
metabolisers suffering more.(7) The justification for this suggestion is
threefold:
the types of drink associated with more severe hangovers contain higher
levels of methanol;
the time course of methanol metabolism corresponds to the onset of symptoms;
and a small dose of ethanol, which blocks the formation of formaldehyde and
formic acid, provides an effective treatment for hangovers ("the hair of the
dog")."
Jones AW (1987) found next-morning hangover from red wine with
100 to 150 mg methanol
(9.5% w/v ethanol; 100 mg/l methanol = 0.01%, one part in ten thousand).
The expert review by Monte WC (1984) states: "An alcoholic consuming 1500
calories a day from alcoholic sources alone may consume between 0 and 600 mg
of methanol each day depending on his choice of beverages (Table 1)...."
Table 1 lists red wine as having 128 mg/l methanol, about one part in ten
thousand.
Fully 11% of aspartame is methanol -- 1,120 mg aspartame in 2 L diet soda,
almost six 12-oz cans, gives 123 mg methanol (wood alcohol) -- the same
amount that produces hangover from red wine.
"Between a quarter and a half of drinkers claim not to experience hangover
symptoms despite having been intoxicated. (three citations)" This
indicates a remarkable range of individual vulnerability to formaldehyde and
formic acid exposure.
Formaldehyde sources also include tobacco and wood smoke; mobile homes and
sick buildings; new carpet, drapes, paints, and furniture; many personal
care products; leather in shoes; vehicle exhaust; medical facilities and
laboratories; dental root canal fillers; and in some people degradation of
peptin molecules from fruits and vegetables in the colon.
Formaldehyde will aggravate reactions to antidepressants, to gluten (wheat)
or casein (milk), and to toxic molds. It increases mental illness,
violence, crimes, and accidents. It can only worsen all diseases.
Just looking around us, we each can see that more than 1% of the people we
know drink over 6 cans daily, and have such symptoms as headache, fatigue,
insomnia, irritability, poor memory, "brain fog", depression, anxiety,
aching joints,
declining vision, skin problems, dizziness, obesity, allergies, out of
control blood sugar levels, and even ideopathic seizures.
President Bush is very likely a victim, while Senator John Edwards has been
drinking 12 cans Diet Coke daily for years -- that's a gallon, as much
methanol as a half-gallon of cheap red wine. Consider that pilots and
nuclear reactor operators often use diet sodas on their long shifts.
Donald Rumsfeld was the CEO of Searle Corporation after 1977, who used his
Washington pull to manipulate a new FDA Commissioner's abrupt approval of
aspartame in July 1981, against the vote of the FDA's own expert Scientific
Board of Inquiry.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/846
aspartame in Merck Maxalt-MLT worsens migraine,
AstraZeneca Zomig, Eli Lilly Zyprexa,
J&J Merck Pepcid AC (Famotidine 10mg) Chewable Tab,
Pfizer Cool Mint Listerine Pocketpaks: Murray 2002.07.16 rmforall
Migraine MLT-Down: an unusual presentation of migraine
in patients with aspartame-triggered headaches.
Newman LC, Lipton RB Headache 2001 Oct; 41(9): 899-901.
[ Merck 10-mg Maxalt-MLT, for migraine, has 3.75 mg aspartame,
while 12 oz diet soda has 200 mg. This is a 0.4 mg methanol dose from the
pill. ]
Headache Institute, St. Lukes-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY
Department of Neurology newmanache@aol.com
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
Innovative Medical Research RLipton@aecom.yu.edu
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/855
Blumenthall & Vance: aspartame chewing gum headaches Nov 1997:
Murray 2002.07.28 rmforall
Harvey J. Blumenthal, MD, Dwight A Vance, RPh
Chewing Gum Headaches. Headache 1997 Nov-Dec; 37(10): 665-6.
Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine,
Tulsa, USA. neurotulsa@aol.com
Aspartame, a popular dietetic sweetener, may provoke headache in some
susceptible individuals. Herein, we describe three cases of young women
with migraine who reported their headaches could be provoked by chewing
gum sweetened with aspartame. [ 6-8 mg aspartame per stick chewing gum,
giving about 0.6 to 0.8 mg methanol ]
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/622
Gold: Koehler: Walton: Van Den Eeden: Leon:
aspartame toxicity: Murray 2001.06.04 rmforall four double-blind studies
Headache 1988 Feb; 28(1): 10-4
The effect of aspartame on migraine headache.
Koehler SM, Glaros A PMID: 3277925, UI: 88138777
Shirley M. Koehler, Ph.D. Department of Psychology
Brooks Rehabilitation Hospital
3599 University Boulevard, South Jacksonville, Florida 32216
(904) 858-7650 shirley.koehler@brookshealth.org
Alan Glaros glarosa@umkc.edu 816-235-2074
They conducted a double-blind study of patients, ages 18-55, who had
a medical diagnosis of classical migraines (normally having 1-3
migraines in 4-weeks), who were not on medications (other than
analgesics), and who suspected that aspartame had a negative effect on
their migraine headaches. The subjects were given 1200 mg daily,
aspartame or placebo, for four weeks, about 17 mg/kg. The placebo
group had no increase in headaches. Approximately half of the subjects
(5 of 11) who took aspartame had a large, statistically significant
(p = 0.02), increase in migraine headache frequency, but not in
intensity or duration, compared to baseline or placebo. Only 11 of
25 subjects completed the program: 8 dropped out, 4 began new
medications, 2 had incomplete records. They were at home.
Since 1/3 of the subjects dropped out, they may have been choosing
to avoid headaches-- were they unpaid? To achieve statistical
signifance with only 11 subjects hints that the incidence rate from
aspartame is very high, about 1/2, for migraine cases who believe
that they are hurt by aspartame.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1077
eight depressed people react strongly to aspartame, Prof. Ralph G. Walton,
MD, 1993 double-blind study, full text: Murray 2004.04.26 rmforall
Walton, RG, "Adverse reactions to aspartame: double-blind challenge in
patients from a vulnerable population," 1993, with Robert Hudak and
Ruth J. Green-Waite, Biological Psychiatry, 34 (1), 13-17.
Ralph G. Walton, MD, Prof. of Clinical Psychology, Northeastern Ohio
Universities, College of Medicine, Dept. of Psychiatry, Youngstown,
OH 44501, Chairman, The Center for Behavioral Medicine,
Northside Medical Center, 500 Gypsy Lane, P.O. Box 240 Youngstown,
OH 44501 330-740-3621 rwalton193@aol.com
http://www.neoucom.edu/DEPTS/Psychiatry/walton.htm
Eight depressed patients, ages 24-60, and five non-depressed controls,
ages 24-56, employed at the hospital, were given for 7 days either
aspartame or a placebo, and then after a 3 day break, given the
opposite. Each got 2100 mg aspartame daily, 30 mg/kg bodyweight,
equal to 10-12 cans of diet soda daily, about a gallon. Despite the
very small number of subjects, the results were dramatic and
statistically significant. The eight depressed patients reported with
aspartame, compared to placebo, much higher levels of nervousness,
trouble remembering, nausea, depression, temper, and malaise. (For each
symptom, p<0.01) The five normals did not report strong enough
differences between aspartame and placebo to be significant.
Initially, the study was to be on a group of 40, but was halted by the
Institutional Review Board because of severe reactions among 3 of the
depressed patients.
Again, statistical significance with only 8 depressed patients:
"In this study, patients most often began to report significant
symptoms after day 2 or 3." The incidence rate is very high,
indeed, about 1/3. The most common symptoms are entirely typical
of thousands of case histories.
Stephen K. Van Den Eeden, T.D. Koepsell, W.T. Longstreth, Jr,
G. van Belle, J.R. Daling, B. McKnight, "Aspartame ingestion and
headaches: a randomized crossover trial," 1994, Neurology, 44, 1787-93
Steven K. Van Den Eeden,PhD 550-450-2202 skv@dor.kaiser.org
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program
3505 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94611-5714
http://www.dor.kaiser.org/dorhtml/investigators/Stephen_Van_Den_Eeden.html
In their introduction, they comment:
"In addition, the FDA had received over 5,000 complaints as of July,
1991 in a passive surveillance system to monitor adverse side effects.
(17) Neurologic problems constitute the primary complaints in these
and several other case series, with headaches accounting for
18 to 45 %,depending on the case series reported. (17-19)"
Subjects, ages 18-57, were recruited who believed they got headaches
from aspartame, but were otherwise mentally and physically healthy.
They were paid $ 15 total, and were at home. Of the 44 subjects, 32
contributed data to the 38-day trials: a week of inert placebo, a week
of either aspartame or placebo, followed by a week of the opposite, and
then this two-week cycle repeated. The daily dose was about 30 mg/kg.
"The proportion of days subjects reported having a headache was
higher during aspartame treatment compared with placebo treatment
(aspartame = 0.33, placebo = 0.24; p = 0.04) (table 5)".
Of the 12 subjects not included in the data, 7 reported adverse
symptoms before withdrawing.
Again, statistical significance with a moderate number of healthy
subjects, willing to be recruited by a newspaper ad, who believed
aspartame hurt them. The number of headaches for each subject
for each treatment week are given: it appears that 4 subjects
had the strongest increase in headaches from the run-in week
or placebo week to their first week on aspartame, jumping from 0 to 5,
1 to 6, 1 to 4, 0 to 5 headaches per week. So, about 4 of the 44
healthy people recruited for the study, who believed aspartame hurt
them, had a stong increase in headaches from the first week of daily
asparame exposure, while 7 reported adverse symptoms before leaving,
a total of 11 out of 44, an incidence ratio of 1/4.
This is sky high, if we consider that, if the incidence ratio for the
about two hundred million users in the USA is 1 of 100, that is 2
million cases. It is plausible that the incidence ratio lies between 1
and 10 out of 100 for continuous daily exposure. These three flames
should have set off alarm bells, with extensive follow-up studies and
much more careful study of thousands of case histories. But these little
flares were adroitly smothered by thick blankets of industry funded fluff:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/623
Simmons: Gold: Schiffman: Spiers:
aspartame toxicity: Murray 2001.06.04 rmforall two double-blind studies
http://www.dorway.com/tldaddic.html 5-page review
Roberts HJ Aspartame (NutraSweet) addiction.
Townsend Letter 2000 Jan; HJRobertsMD@aol.com
http://www.sunsentpress.com/ sunsentpress@aol.com
Sunshine Sentinel Press P.O.Box 17799 West Palm Beach, FL 33416
800-814-9800 561-588-7628 561-547-8008 fax
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/870
Aspartame: Methanol and the Public Interest 1984: Monte:
Murray 2002.09.23 rmforall
Dr. Woodrow C. Monte Aspartame: methanol, and the public health.
Journal of Applied Nutrition 1984; 36 (1): 42-54.
(62 references) Professsor of Food Science [retired 1992]
Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287 woodymonte@xtra.co.nz
The methanol from 2 L of diet soda, 5.6 12-oz cans, 20 mg/can, is
112 mg, 10% of the aspartame. [ Actually 123 mg, 11% of the aspartame ]
The EPA limit for water is 7.8 mg daily for methanol (wood alcohol), a
deadly cumulative poison.
Many users drink 1-2 L daily.
The reported symptoms are entirely consistent with chronic methanol
toxicity. (Fresh orange juice has 34 mg/L, bound up firmly in complex pectin
molecules, but, like all juices, has 16 times more ethanol, which strongly
protects against methanol.)
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1124
8 more Rapid Responses to Aspartame and its effects on health, BMJ:
Murray 2004.10.18 rmforall
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1120
5 critical Rapid Responses to Aspartame and its effects on health, Michael E
J Lean and Catherine R Hankey, BMJ 2004; 329: 755-756: Murray 2004.10.05
rmforall
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1117
Aspartame and its effects on health, Michael E.J. Lean, Catherine R. Hankey,
Glasgow UK, British Medical Journal: 11% methanol component of aspartame,
and same level of methanol in dark wines and liquors, turns to formaldehyde
and formic acid, the main cause of chronic hangover symptoms: Murray
2004.10.04 rmforall
http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/329/7469/755#76712
****************************************************************
"Schwartz (1999) also reported that methanol is converted to formaldehyde
which then accumulates in the cells.
Formaldehyde has been considered an inducer of cancer and acts to alter DNA
(Ewertz, 1993; Ewertz and Gill, 1990).
Olney et al. (1996) reviewed and explained that ASP had mutagenic
potential....
In this study, we found that, ASP did appear to have genotoxic potential
consistent with potential carcinogenicity.
According to these results, phenyalanine and methanol, which are metabolic
products of ASP, have a genotoxic risk for humans.
In contrast, ASP was not found as a mutagen in in vivo studies.
However, in the present study, ASP induced CA and micronuclei in human
lyphocytes dose-dependently......
However, it must be taken into account that ASP induced the CA and
micronuclei formation in a dose-dependent manner.
It is not possible to conclude that ASP is safe according to these results.
Therefore, it is necessary to be careful when using it in food and beverages
as a sweetener."
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2004 Aug; 27(3): 257-68.
Genotoxicity of aspartame.
Rencuzogullari E, Tuylu BA, Topaktas M, Ila HB, Kayraldiz A, Arslan M, Diler
SB. reyyup@mail.cu.edu.tr
Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Natural and Applied
Sciences Institute, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
[ Rencuzogullari E, Ila HB, and Topaktas M as a team have four similar
studies since 1996 Dec on PubMed .]
[ http://www.cu.edu.tr/Content/Asp/English/index.asp
http://rektorluk.cukurova.edu.tr/en/rehber.asp ]
http://www.dekker.com/servlet/product/DOI/101081DCT120037506 $ 24 USA
In the present study, the genotoxic effects of the low-calorie sweetener
aspartame (ASP), which is a dipeptide derivative, was investigated using
chromosome aberration (CA) test,
sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test,
micronucleus test in human lymphocytes, and also
Ames/Salmonella/ microsome test.
ASP induced CAs at all concentrations (500, 1000 and 2000 microg/ml) and
treatment periods (24 and 48 h) dose-dependently,
while it did not induce SCEs.
On the other hand, ASP decreased the replication index (RI) only at
the highest concentration for 48 h treatment period.
However, ASP decreased the mitotic index (MI) at all concentrations and
treatment periods dose-dependently.
In addition, ASP induced micronuclei at the highest concentrations only.
This induction was also dose-dependent for 48 hours treatment period.
ASP was not mutagenic for Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains in
the absence and presence of S9 mix. PMID: 15478947
This study was funded by Çukurova University Research Fund FEF 2002 BAP 21.
We also thank Mr. L.K. Nakamura for his kind collaboration.
Eyyüp Rencüzoullar *Corresponding reyyup@mail.cu.edu.tr
[ http://lokman.cu.edu.tr/ent/ Çukurova University Medical School
Adana, Turkey ]
Berrin Ayaz Tüylü 3
Mehmet Topakta 1 mtopaktas@mail.cu.edu.tr
Hasan Basri la 1
Ahmet Kayraldz 2
Mehmet Arslan 2
Songül Budak Diler 2
1 Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Çukurova University
01330, Adana, Turkey
2 Biology Department, Natural and Applied Sciences Institute, Çukurova
University 01330, Adana, Turkey
3 Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Anadolu University
26470, Eskiehir, Turkey
Journal Article | Print Published: 08/01/2004 | Online Published: 07/29/2004
Pages: 257 - 268 | PDF File Size: 104 KB
DOI: 10.1081/DCT-120037506
Keywords
Sweeteners, Aspartame, Chromosome aberrations, Sister chromatid exchange,
Micronuclei, Ames test
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Cancer Res. 2000; 60: 390-394.
Sargentini N. J., Smith K. C.
Mutagenesis by normal metabolites in Escherichia coli: phenylalanine
mutagenesis is dependent on error-prone DNA repair.
Mutat. Res. 1986; 161 (2): 113-118.
Schwartz G. R.
Aspartame and breast and other cancers.
West J. Med. 1999; 171: 300-301.
Seeberg A. H., Mosesso P., Forster R.
High-dose-level effects in mutagenicity assays utilizing mammalian cells in
culture. Mutagenesis. 1989; 3 (3): 213-218.
Shephard S. E., Meier I., Lutz W. K.
Alkylating potency of nitrosated amino acids and peptides.
IARC Sci. Publ. 1991 (105): 383-387.
Shephard S. E., Wakabayashi K., Nagao M.
Mutagenic activity of peptides and the artificial sweetener aspartame after
nitrosation.
Food Chem. Toxicol. 1993 May; 31(5): 323-329.
Speit G., Haupter S.
On the mechanisms of differential giemsa staining of
bromodeoxyuridine-substituted chromosomes. II Differences between the
demonstration of sister chromatid differentiation and replication patterns.
Hum. Genet. 1985; 70: 126-129.
The ministry of Agricultural of Turkey Food Codex, Globus World
Publications, Turkey, 1997, pp. 46-47.
Weihrauch M.R. , Diehl V., Bohlen H.
Künstliche Süstoffe-Haben sie ein kanzerogenes potential?
Med. Klin. 2001; 96: 670-675.
***************************************************************
http://www.ldb.org/vl/geo/mid_east/5tur.htm
UN links for public health in Turkey
http://www.tubitak.gov.tr/english/
The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey
(+90 312) 4677798 (+90 312) 4673002 (+90 312) 4685300 / 4400-4401
fax: (+90 312) 4272672 E-mali: aysegul@tubitak.gov.tr
Adress: Adres: TÜBITAK Atatürk Bulvari No:221, Kavaklidere,
06100 Ankara Tel: (+90 312) 468 5300 Faks: (+90 312) 427 7489
Turkish Journal of Medical Science medsci@tubitak.gov.tr free full texts
Turkish Journal of Biology biol@tubitak.gov.tr free full texts
***************************************************************
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/957
safety of aspartame Part 1/2 12.4.2: EC HCPD-G SCF:
Murray 2003.01.12 rmforall EU Scientific Committee on Food, a whitewash
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1045
http://www.holisticmed.com/aspartame/scf2002-response.htm
Mark Gold exhaustively critiques European Commission Scientific
Committee on Food re aspartame ( 2002.12.04 ): 59 pages, 230 references
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartame/messages bryanth@brooksdata.net
Aspartame Victims Support Group Edward Bryant Holman, Chief Moderator
854 members, 17,540 posts in a public, searchable archive
http://www.presidiotex.com/aspartame/
http://www.HolisticMed.com/aspartame mgold@holisticmed.com
Aspartame Toxicity Information Center Mark D. Gold also Co-Moderator
12 East Side Drive #2-18 Concord, NH 03301 603-225-2110
http://www.holisticmed.com/aspartame/abuse/methanol.html
"Scientific Abuse in Aspartame Research"
***************************************************************
Ann Oncol. 2004 Oct; 15(10): 1460-5.
Artificial sweeteners--do they bear a carcinogenic risk?
Weihrauch MR, Diehl V.
Department of Internal Medicine I of the University of Cologne, Cologne,
Germany. martin.weihrauch@uni-koeln.de
Artificial sweeteners are added to a wide variety of food, drinks, drugs and
hygiene products.
Since their introduction, the mass media have reported about potential
cancer risks, which has contributed to undermine the public's sense of
security.
It can be assumed that every citizen of Western countries uses artificial
sweeteners, knowingly or not.
A cancer-inducing activity of one of these substances would mean a health
risk to an entire population.
We performed several PubMed searches of the National Library of Medicine for
articles in English about artificial sweeteners.
These articles included 'first generation' sweeteners such as saccharin,
cyclamate and aspartame, as well as 'new generation' sweeteners such as
acesulfame-K, sucralose, alitame and neotame.
Epidemiological studies in humans did not find the bladder cancer-inducing
effects of saccharin and cyclamate that had been reported from animal
studies in rats.
Despite some rather unscientific assumptions, there is no evidence that
aspartame is carcinogenic.
Case-control studies showed an elevated relative risk of 1.3 for heavy
artificial sweetener use (no specific substances specified) of >1.7 g/day.
For new generation sweeteners, it is too early to establish any
epidemiological evidence about possible carcinogenic risks.
As many artificial sweeteners are combined in today's products, the
carcinogenic risk of a single substance is difficult to assess.
However, according to the current literature, the possible risk of
artificial sweeteners to induce cancer seems to be negligible. PMID:
15367404
****************************************************************
From: "Gary Greenberg"
To:
Subject: Funds: Sandler Program,for Asthma Research
Date: Wednesday, October 20, 2004 4:07 AM
---------------------- Information from the mail
header -----------------------
Sender: Occupational & Environmental Medicine for Clinicians & Public
Health Professionals
Poster: Gary Greenberg
Subject: Funds: Sandler Program,for Asthma Research
http://www.sandlerresearch.org/
Welcome to the Sandler Program for Asthma Research
A Research Program Open to Investigators from All Fields
The mission of the Sandler Program for Asthma Research is to develop
important new pathways of investigation in basic research regarding
asthma. The Program particularly encourages applications from
investigators not currently studying asthma. Innovation and risk are
strongly encouraged.
Awards will be given to investigators at two levels:
Senior Investigator $250,000/year for three years
Junior Investigator $150,000/year for three years
Awards are available to investigators in the U.S. and Canada. The
application is brief. Preliminary results are not required.
The next application deadline is February 11, 2005 (5:00 PM, PST), for
funding July 1, 2005.
Sponsored by The Sandler Family Supporting Foundation, a nonprofit
organization.
Mission and Policies
The Sandler Program for Asthma Research was founded in 1999 by Marion
and Herbert Sandler and is sponsored by The Sandler Family Supporting
Foundation.
Mission:
Develop important new pathways of investigation in basic research
regarding asthma.
Aims:
# Support highly innovative research.
# Draw outstanding investigators from other fields into the study of asthma.
# Support junior investigators with exceptional promise for research in
asthma.
Another important objective of the Program is to promote scientific
interaction between Awardees. To facilitate this, Awardees are required
to attend the Annual Meeting in May which promotes scientific exchange
among the Awardees as well as experts in the field.
Policies:
1. Criteria for investigators. In supporting basic research, the
Program seeks to break new ground. To this end, it is particularly
interested in attracting investigators from outside the field to apply
their expertise to the study of asthma. Prior research in asthma is not
required. Investigators within the field are eligible for awards, but
they must demonstrate that their proposed work represents a departure
from their current and past research. Because the Program seeks to
develop new paths in asthma research, innovation and risk are strongly
encouraged. The Program supports basic research at two levels:
Senior Investigator Awards. Senior Investigators will have
well-established research programs and an international reputation for
their research. They will usually hold a full-time academic appointment
as Professor, Associate Professor, or the equivalent. Senior
Investigators will receive $250,000 (U.S.) per year for three years.
Junior Investigator Awards. Junior Investigators will have already
established an independent research program. They will usually hold a
full-time academic appointment as an Assistant Professor, early
Associate Professor, or the equivalent, and will have national-level,
independent funding. Awards to Junior Investigators are not intended as
start-up funds for investigators at the onset of their careers. Rather,
they are intended to support investigators who have demonstrated
exceptional early accomplishment as independent investigators,
permitting the expansion of their work into the field of asthma. Junior
Investigators will receive $150,000 (U.S.) per year for three years.
The number of awards each year is not fixed, and the proportion of
Senior Investigator and Junior Investigator Awards may vary. Over time,
the average yearly expenditure in support of awards will be ~$7M.
2. Nature of work to be supported. The proposed work should be directed
towards uncovering basic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of asthma. We
wish to support work from a broad range of investigative fields.
Studies may involve laboratory or clinical investigation, including
genetic and epidemiological studies, but the Program will not sponsor
therapeutic trials. Studies involving human materials must be approved
and governed by the sponsoring institution. Approval by the sponsoring
institution's Committee on Human Research must be received in the office
of the Sandler Program for Asthma Research by April 15 of the year of
application (i.e., prior to final selection of Awards by the Scientific
Advisory Board).
3. Annual Meeting of Awardees. An important part of the Sandler
Program is the Annual Meeting of the Awardees, which is held in May and
lasts for two days. Attendance at the yearly meeting is required of
Awardees. Awardees are also strongly encouraged to bring a fellow or a
collaborating investigator to the meeting.
4. Criteria for institutions. Investigators may apply from any
nonprofit organization in the United States or Canada that can and will
provide the necessary facilities and infrastructure for the research,
and that will assure compliance with guidelines for animal and human
studies established by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Applicants from Canadian institutions must also provide evidence that
the institution has been designated as a public charity by the U.S.
Internal Revenue Service (IRS). (Most large, nonprofit research
institutions in Canada have this status. If not, they may be able to
obtain this designation from the U.S. IRS, given sufficient lead time
(minimum three months). Contact the Tax Exempt and Government Entities
Division of the IRS for further information (877-829-5500).)
5. Application. Applications will be accepted yearly for funding to
commence on July 1. The Program office will announce yearly the
specific dates of application (February 11, 2005) and the application
requirements (see Application Instructions). Applications must be
received at the Program office no later than 5:00 PM, Pacific Standard
Time on the deadline date in order to be considered.
6. Review of applications. Applications that meet eligibility criteria
will be reviewed by members of the Scientific Advisory Board. The major
criteria for review are:
* Innovation
* Quality of the Proposed Work
* Quality of the Investigator
* Relevance to Asthma
Applicants will be notified of the outcome of the review process in May
(May 27, for year 2005). Due to the streamlined competitive award
process, the Program is unable to provide critiques or evaluations to
applicants concerning their proposals.
7. Institutional indirect costs. No funds may be used for
institutional indirect costs or for renting space.
8. Award budgets. Budgets are not required at the time of application.
Successful applicants will be asked to submit a budget. The following
restrictions will apply:
* The sum of salaries for investigators (not including postdoctoral
fellows or technicians) is limited to $50,000/year plus fringe benefits.
Salaries should be proportionate to percent effort. Salaried
individuals are generally considered to be investigators if they are
appointed in a faculty series and/or have independent grant support.
* The budget must include the cost of yearly travel to the Annual
Meeting of investigators in the San Francisco area. Other travel costs
are limited to $2,500 yearly.
* Up to 10% of the budget may be used in support of administrative
costs that are under the direct signatory authority of the investigator,
such as office supplies for the laboratory and salary for administrative
personnel under the direct supervision of the investigator.
Administrative costs may include up to $5,000 for office computers to be
used in support of the project. The purchase of any additional
computers (e.g., for use with laboratory equipment) must be fully
justified.
* All other expenses must be in direct support of scientific work.
Subcontracts to other non-profit institutions are allowed, but they must
meet the above restrictions, including the lack of institutional
indirect costs.
Up to 60% of the annual award allocation may be carried from one year to
the next, including carryover of funds into a fourth year, without
restrictions beyond those listed above. Larger amounts may be carried
over with approval from the Program Director.
9. Funding of awards. Awards will be funded by The Sandler Family
Supporting Foundation, following the recommendations of the Scientific
Advisory Board. The Sandler Program office will assure compliance with
Program policies and will be responsible for all administrative matters
involved in the funding of awards. The Sandler Family Supporting
Foundation, its administrative program, and its Scientific Advisory
Board members do not assume responsibility for the conduct of the
investigation or acts of the investigator, since both are under the
direction and control of the Awardee's institution and are subject to
the institution's medical and scientific policies. Awardee institutions
must safeguard the rights and welfare of individuals who participate as
subjects in research activities by reviewing proposed activities through
an Institutional Review Board (IRB) as specified by the National
Institutes of Health (NIH) Office for Human Research Protections, DHHS
(OHRP). Furthermore, Awardee institutions must adhere to current U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services guidelines regarding financial
conflict of interest, recombinant DNA, research misconduct, and
vertebrate animals. The Awardee's institution must assure appropriate
governance of animal studies as well as human studies.
10. Payment of awards and financial reporting. Award amounts are in
U.S. dollars. Awards are paid in U.S. dollars at the beginning of each
Award year (i.e., July). Award budgets and annual expenditure reports
must be stated in U.S. dollars.
11. Review of progress. Awards are for a period of three years, but
yearly renewal will require satisfactory progress. This will be
assessed by presentations to the Scientific Advisory Board at the Annual
Meeting in May.
12. Change in direction of work. The Program wishes to encourage
innovation and flexibility, but any substantive change in the direction
of work should be reviewed in advance by the Program Director.
13. Change of institution. Awards are assigned to individuals rather
than to institutions and may be transferred to another institution that
can provide adequate support for the research and that will accept the
award under the policies of the Program. Permission must be obtained
from the Program office.
14. Intellectual property. SPAR does not claim rights to patents on
discoveries sponsored by their Awards, but the Program requires prompt
disclosure of discoveries to the public. Unique research resources
developed with SPAR funds must be made available rapidly to the research
community, after publication, for further research, development, and
application, in order to advance the research enterprise and to
accelerate the development of products and knowledge that are of benefit
to the public.
Unique research resources include synthetic compounds, model organisms,
cell lines, viruses, cell products, and cloned DNA, as well as DNA
sequences, mapping information, crystallographic coordinates, and
spectroscopic data. Model organisms are not restricted to mammalian
models, and they include genetically modified or mutant organisms and
embryos, as well as relevant protocols and genetic and phenotypic data
for mutant strains.
To facilitate the availability of unique research resources developed
with SPAR funds, investigators may distribute the materials through
their own laboratory or organization or may submit them to external
repositories. Investigators are expected to submit unique biological
information, such as DNA sequences or crystallographic coordinates, to
the appropriate data banks so that they can be made available to the
broad scientific community. When distributing unique resources,
investigators should include pertinent information on the nature,
quality, or characterization of the materials.
SPAR expects its Award recipients to use modest sums from their Award to
distribute resources and/or to charge a reasonable amount to defray
costs associated with sharing materials or transferring these materials
to appropriate repositories. If the costs of distributing materials
cannot be met, this should be addressed with the SPAR office.
Investigators are encouraged to confer with their technology transfer
office and/or office of sponsored programs for guidance.
In their evaluation of annual Awardee progress, SPAR's Scientific
Advisory Board will consider, as part of the criteria for continued
funding, adequate progress in sharing unique research resources
developed with SPAR funds, as well as a demonstrated willingness to make
research resources developed during the project widely available to the
research community.
Posted 10/11/04
Gary N. Greenberg, MD MPH Sysop / Moderator Occ-Env-Med-L MailList
gary.greenberg@duke.edu Duke Occupat, Environ, Int & Fam Medicine
OEM-L Maillist Website: http://occhealthnews.net
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Please remove this footer before replying.
Visit http://archive.occhealthnews.net or http://recent.occhealthnews.net
for list archives.
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Contributing participants of the OEM-L Forum
http://gilligan.duhs.duke.edu/oem/occ-env-.htm#Supporter_list
Colleague Supporters:
Those who participate in the forum are also encouraged to support its
continuity. These are individuals and firms who recognize that the OEM-L
network is an important element in the development of Occupational &
Environmental Medicine, and who value the opportunity to reach other
professionals easily, to share announcements, information, and ideas.
**************************************************************
Program Manager is Christy Artz artzc@sandlerresearch.org
The Program Director is William E. Seaman MD seamanb@sandlerresearch.org
Mailing address: Sandler Program for Asthma Research
Box 0509, UCSF San Francisco, CA 94143-0509
Courier address: Sandler Program for Asthma Research
4 Koret Way, LR Bldg, Rm 216 UCSF San Francisco, CA 94143
Phone: 415-514-0730 FAX: 415-514-0734
Scientific Advisory Board (2004-2005)
Arthur Weiss, M.D., Ph.D. aweiss@medicine.ucsf.edu
Board Chairperson
Howard Hughes Medical Institute at
University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine
Medicine-Rheumatology 415-476-1291
Richard M. Locksley, M.D. locksley@medicine.ucsf.edu
Howard Hughes Medical Institute at
University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine
Medicine-Infectious Dis Div 415-476-9362
Jack A. Elias, M.D. jack.elias@yale.edu
Yale University School of Medicine
Holzmantitle: Waldemar Von Zedtwitz Prof Med,
Sect Chief & Prof Int Med Pulmonary & Critical Care
office_location: TAC S441D (Mail: LMP 1093)Pulm
office_phone: 785-4163 department: Int Med Pulmonary
Philippa C. Marrack, Ph.D. marrackp@njc.org
Howard Hughes Medical Institute at
National Jewish Medical and Research Center
Telephone: 303-398-1322 Fax: 303-398-1396
Website: www.kmlab.njc.org
Howard Hughes Med. Inst.: www.hhmi.org
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
National Jewish Medical and Research Center
1400 Jackson Street Denver, CO 80206
Laurie H. Glimcher, M.D. lglimche@hsph.harvard.edu
Harvard School of Public Health and Harvard Medical School
Irene Heinz Given Professor of Immunology in the Faculty of Public Health;
Professor of Medicine Department:
HMS^Medcn-BWH; SPH^Imm+Infec Dis Imm
Office Phone: +1 617 432 0622 FXB 205 Office Fax: +1 617 432 0084
University Mailing Address: Harvard School of Public Hlth Bldg 1, 705
Huntington Avenue Boston MA 02115
Unit: Grad School of Public Health; Harvard Medical School
Christine Edry Seidman, M.D.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Harvard Medical School
Professor of Medicine; Professor of Genetics Department:
HMS^Medcn-BWH; HMS^Gene
Office Phone: +1 617 432 7838
77 Ave Louis Pasteur NRB 2nd Fl University
Mailing Address: Harvard Medical School
77 Avenue Louis Pasteur Dept. Genetics, NRB-256 Boston MA 02115
Unit: Harvard Medical School
Michael J. Holtzman, M.D. mholtzma@im.wustl.edu
Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8052 St. Louis, MO 63110
(314) 362-8983 (phone) (314) 362-8987 (fax)
Michael J. Welsh, M.D. mjwelsh@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu
michael-welsh@uiowa.edu
Howard Hughes Medical Institute at University of Iowa College of Medicine
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Internal Medicine and
Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242,
USA.
Professor, Internal Medicine and Physiology & Biophysics
Roy J. Carver Chair, Internal Medicine and Physiology & Biophysics
Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute
University of Iowa, 1974 office: (319) 335-7619 fax: (319) 335-7330
Jean-Pierre Kinet, M.D. jkinet@bidmc.harvard.edu
Harvard Medical School
Professor of Pathology
Department: HMS^Pathology
Office Phone: +1 617 667 1324
BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MED CT
University Mailing Address: Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr 99 Brookline Ave.
Box 15707 Experimental Pathology-Rm 227C Boston MA 02215
Unit: Harvard Medical School
Christopher H. Contag, Ph.D. ccontag@cmgm.stanford.edu
Ad Hoc Reviewer
Stanford University School of Medicine
Departments of Pediatrics, Radiology, and Microbiology and Immunology,
Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford University, Stanford,
California 94305-5308, USA. Molecular Biophotonics and Imaging laboratory
The Bio-X Program James H. Clark Center, E150 318 Campus Drive
Stanford, California 94305-5427
Phone: 650.725.6583 Fax: 650.498.4948
***************************************************************
Jonathan G. Seidman seidman@rascal.med.harvard.edu
Appointment Title: Henrietta B. and Frederick H. Bugher Foundation Professor
of Genetics Department: HMS^Gene
Office Phone: +1 617 432 7830
77 Ave Louis Pasteur NRB 2nd Fl University
Mailing Address: Harvard Medical School 77 Ave Louis Pasteur
Genetics NRB Room 256 Boston MA 02115
Unit: Harvard Medical School
***************************************************************
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