------------- With the news that at least one quasar is creating its own galaxy, the ideas of how the universe became what it is needs to be revised. When the universe formed, it may have been full of super massive black holes. The edges of the universe expanded faster than the middle pushing most of the super massive holes to the outside. Thats where most of the mass of the universe resides - at its edges. The lucky few super massive black holes that had gravitational companions collided. The collision lights up the super massive black holes and releases vast amounts of energy and matter locked up in super massive black holes. The ratio of released matter to black hole matter is 700:1 approximately. The matter is released as vast jets which then condense around the super massive black hole systems producing the galaxy that over long periods of time eventually becomes a galaxy that surrounds the super massive black hole. Multiple collisions with black holes produce galactic explosions and each collision releases more dust and thick gas blobs that spins with the galaxy producing striped galaxies with alternating light and dark bands of material. Galaxies form in situ around their super massive black holes with the aid of super massive black hole collisions. Galaxies do not form through accretion because accretion takes too long and blows away material as stars ignite which doesn't allow time to form galaxies early on in the universe and not easy to explain the striped dust lanes in galaxies. Galaxies did form early which are clearly present in deep field views of the universe so the material must have been made in situ. The super massive black holes that escaped collisions because space expanded faster at the edges than in the middle carried most of the mass of the universe with it. But it can still gravitationally tug us from there causing galaxies here to be bigger than what they should be. The elusive dark matter is just the mass at the outer edges of the universe tugging at the orbit of stars and galaxies locally. The mechanism for super massive black hole collision needs to be carefully studied by trying to define the physical structure of a black hole and seeing how it might release matter during collisions. Two competing views exist. One is that the black hole is completely solid entity and cannot be defined (yet). The other is that is it a bubble type of object with an inside that is devoid of any matter. The reason for the void is that any physical structure that produces significant gravity has zero g at it center because at its center, it is pulled in all directions equally. In a black hole, thats quickly causes the void at the center to get bigger and get pulled to the outer edges which contains the event horizon. Hence it becomes a bubble object with two event horizons - one on each side of the bubble. Wrapped around the inside and outside of the black hole surface is a layer of light in each side that is trapped by the event horizon of the surface. If two bubbles of this type were to collide, then it probably releases 2 to 4 distinct pulses of intense light. The first two pulses are from the outer edges colliding and negating gravity allowing the light to escape. The light pulses may merge to appear as one event. Likewise, the second two pulses when the inner surface is ruptured by the effects of negating gravity as each surface ruptures the other. Vast amounts of material get stirred up and released when g forces from the two black holes neutralize each other for a split second at the event horizon allowing 'the door to be opened' to allow material to escape the super massive black holes. Most of that material will try to fall back into the black hole as the door is shut again. The ratio of material released to the outside and what is kept inside the black hole should be around 700:1. If the ratio is different, or it was influenced in some way in the early universe, then size of galaxies will be significantly different. As material falls back in it will make it appear as though the black holes are 'feeding' and causes the massive fountains of material to be thrown out in vast jets. Its also the source of the energy of the extremely bright quasar. Other posts:
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